How leeches work

Once a medical leech attaches itself to the skin, it usually stays on its own at the intended site of application, so there is no need to secure it further during the treatment. There is therefore no need to worry that it might move across the body or leave the site of application. If the leech is allowed to detach on its own once it has finished feeding, the application can last from roughly 30 minutes to more than two hours. The duration depends on the individual leech, the site of application and the chosen approach. Shorter application times are also used in some methods of hirudotherapy, which is why the duration of the treatment is always determined by the therapist according to the chosen method and the individual course. Research shows that the leech releases part of its bioactive substances already in the initial phase of attachment, while some approaches also emphasise the importance of prolonged contact between the leech and the body. For this reason the duration of the application can vary considerably from one method to another.

During the treatment, experienced therapists observe the behaviour of the leeches and the response of the individual sites of application. Such observations form part of the practical knowledge of hirudotherapy, which has taken shape through many years of experience and work with medicinal leeches.

A common concern is also the fear that the leech might not want to detach once the application is over. Such worry is unnecessary, as the therapist can, if needed, safely remove it at any time using an appropriate procedure.